Existentialism

Video...(1)  What is Existentialism

        Believe in god consider as philosophical suicide because existentialism is all about freedom, passion, and individuality, it is a triangle of existentialism emphasis the subject to emotion, anguish and despair.


Video... (2)    The myth of Sisyphus ( The absurd reasoning)


        Camus said that "nothing is more than feelings "A total absence of hope a continual hope conscious dissatisfaction these are important for absurd person. Absurd man believes that there is some reason beyond all but in actual sense there is nothing reasons are useless.


Video... (3)     The myth of Sisyphus :( What is philosophical susicde)

         It is about Albert Camus myth of Sisyphus.For Camus suicide is an individual act. Albert Camus says that "There is but one truly serious philosophical problem and that is suicide". Life is absurd "
          - Hope -Sucide.

Video....(4)     Dadaism, Nihilism and Existentialism

          Dadaism and Nihilism has nothing to do with each other. Existentialism is a not Nihilism. Dadaism is associated to Nihilism. Dadaism is a quest a change and values. Nihilism there is no meaning or purpose though I life. Dadaism is all about art and been artistic.


Video... (5)     Existentialism, - A gloomy philosophy?

      Existentialism is hold responsible for gloomy philosophy. Because there are Anxiety despair absurdity.We have to mix life with these three philosophy then we know that gloomy and existentialism.

Video... (6)    Existentialism and Nihilism

      Existentialism is not totally negative term, while Nihilism is negative term. Existentialism and Nihilism this thing different from one another.

    - Nihilism :-  Is a otherworldly.
    - Existentialism is opposite to Nihilism.

Video...(7)    Let's introduce Existentialism again

         Existentialism are all concerned with the problem of living life as a human being and Existentialism see a benefit to facing -up to our morality. Existentialism creat their own subject meaning and here Nihilism creating purpose and value for ones self.


Video...(8)     Explain like I'm five.....

       Existentialism is there is not universal morality that governs us, we are the rule makers. Being Ubermensche.


Video...(9)   Why I like Existentialism?  Eric Dodson

     Existentialism is way of life and understand life deeply existentialism is says about what I'm. Eric Dodson says that it is honest, show reality of life and rebellion which appeals his mind, heart and soul.


Video...(10)    Let sum up

       In this video we can find that essentialism to existentialism journey. How they different with each other. Essemtialism give meaning and existentialism is nothingness ,meaningless.






                      Thank you

   

Movie Review :- The Reluctant Fundamental

 The Reluctant fundamental

        On 9th September 2018, we had film screening of the two films first was " Midnight's  children (novel written by Salman Rushdie) directed by deepa mehta and second was The Reluctant Fundamentalist " ( A novel written by Mohsin Hamid)  directed by Mira Nair's Movie "The Reluctant fundamentalist " which is released in 2012 is also based on this novel.

      Changez leading main role in this movie. This movie reflects relationship between Pakistan and America.The story is about the young man changez Khan who attracted to American business culture. He was an intellectual and respected person in American wall street business company. There are two meanings of fundamentals have been used, first in business and another is in terrorism.

      This movie is about a one man changez Khan, a Pakistani man who goes to America for job and to make his good future. He easily mixed up with the environment and people of America. Everything was well going but his life changez after the attack of 9/11/ on America. American people staring to doubt on him because he comes from Pakistan. He becomes symbol of terror for Americans. He faces many adversity and finally he commit professional suicide and came back to Pakistan.

     After the attack of 9/11/ all Americans think that changez Khan is a terrorist coming from Pakistan and doing work for that. His friends and his boss  also do bed behaviour with changez, and he also Loos his job. His girlfriend also hate him  just for the he was Muslim comes from Pakistan. He faces hatred from the Americans. So, with the identity of Muslim from  Pakistan he faces lots of problems in American.

     After faces that kind of  hatred form Americans, he decided to live in Pakistan in the university he taught the students as a professor and the students give him respect also, so there is not any identity problem sin the Pakistan.

       So, this film shows after effects of 9/11/ attack also countries people always remain other. Through they believe in theirs. Native people will hate them. This is good film to getting idea of Americans treatment with Muslim's And their view point towards muslims. It is not only Muslim community but all orient hatred by white country. So, this is good film for post colonial studies.

    Thank you...

Midnight's children - Movie review

Midnight's children

The first movie is midnight children are a transition from British colonialism. Post colonialism is post -colonial study is superiority is rejected of western culture.

     "Midnight's children "novel a  one of the commended novel by Salman Rushdie "Midnight's children " film was made and released in 2012 directed by Canadian Indian director Deepa maheta .


      The movie observes and represents the time of India's freedom. 

      Midnight's children story is a poor or rich person. It's historical fiction. It is fiction and fantasy the political situation of the three countries, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

   
      Story about two children saleem Sinai or Shiva. This two names itself suggest that how religion plays vital role in post colonial studies. Nurse is change the baby or changes situation. " Poor become rich or rich become poor ". It's Main point a story. Saleem faces this kind of problem when he and his family come to know that he is not the real son. Saleem says " I have many family I have no family. "


      Here we can say that no Muslim and no Hinduism at all but only of  that humanity, so here the idea is about to give voice to the poor people give a chance to the poor people so that they can raise their voice.

 

•  Magic Realism 

      Character of parvati presents Magic Realism. Though her magic skills. She changes the situation and saves Saleem's life. Abracadabra, which is signifies her believe in magic or we can say superstition, through she saves saleem's life. The movie juxtaposes on both sides at one side India dealing with technology and also involves in superstition. 

Orientalism by Edward Said

Orientalism

Here is my responses to identify 5 Concept related orientalism from the interview of Edward said.


Ans  (1)    Orientalism create an image outside of history of something that is placid Ans still and eternal which is simply contradicted by the fact of history.


Ans   (2)      Orientalism create an example image outside of history of something that is placid Ans still eternal.


Ans   (3)       Different kinds of Orientalism it is an effect to difference between different experiences about orient.
   
    Different kinds of Orientalisms are there  :- 

• British Orientalism 
• French Orientalism 
• American Orientalism 

Ans. (4)      Orientalism is not only representation of political power. One should have the power for knowledge but here orient not present the political power. Some of the other people use their power to ruler over orient. For example ,Nopolean. Here use his power and ruled over Egypt. 

Ans  (5)       France and British had good connection with orientalism. This both was direct with

orientalism. America was indirect with oreintalism. French and British orientalism had some difference .Rosefta stones change teh orient. 

    Said, said that no one's history better than others history. Some become victim to the f some ruled people. One's individual thought and experience became others. 

Thinking activity on " The Birthday Party " by Harold Pinter

The Birthday Party :  Thinking activity

Ans (1)        It is very difficult to know director's intention behind omitting Lulu's scene.About Lulu's scene, in the last scene she is complaining about Nat's behaviour in the birthday party. Two scenes of lulu omitted from the movie because two woman characters in the play. Lulu character is always inspiration of men. That are omitted according to me the possible reason as that Stanley is protagonist of the play and central character not lulu so more focus on Stanley 'S action and reaction not unnecessary and time consuming so it's omitted and not so effect on play by omission of these scenes.



Ans  (2)          We find the effect of menace in the movie. So here we can find that each and every character of the play passes through unknown fear. Although there are comic scenes also, like talk between Petey and meg about newspaper news, Stanley playing drum which in beginning seems funny but suddenly it becomes frustrating and  noisy. So effect of menace can be felt.


Ans.  (3)         I feel the lurking danger when the scene of two strangers come I'm Meg and Petey's house. And also Stanley ask same question of Meg. Stanley plays drum very aggressively, knocking on door and in birthday party when blind man's buff is going on.



Ans.   (4)       Generally it is daily things but in this play it is signifying something. In side the somebody is coming afraid of people most of the place or writer tries to do that in the movie releasing in the play. He knew about what happened in the society.



 Ans.  (5)         Camera show us many things but if we observed minutely. Artists are not free in our society. They can't developed their are freely .So indirectly it is cage. It also can be interpreted that he wants so escape from the situation and angle camera shows that he is helpless.


Ans  (6)      Yes, it does happened in the movie, we can see unclear dialogues,ans enclosed space, etc....


Ans  (7)       Movie helps us in better understanding of the play ,the pauses and silence, the effect of menacing And lurking danger cannot be felt well while reading. The film creates that awful experience and makes us feel uneasy throughout the film.


Ans.  (8)       I agree with the second point .It's impossible to imagine a better film of Pinter's play than this sensitive, disturbing version director by William fried kin.


Ans  (9)        It I were director or screenplay writer so I make it more unclear and using camera to make different angles. But after all it is difficult to make movie on obsurd play.


Ans  (10)       I choose character like.....

Stanley  :-   Randeep Hooda
Meg.       :-   Juhi chawla
Petey.     :-   Naseeruddin Shah
Lulu.      :-    Isha Gupta
Goldberg :-  Akshay Kumar
McCann :-    John Abraham






Thank you.... . 

Online discussion : Ideas on Mario Vargas Llosa

Ideas on Mario Vargas Llosa

    Mario Vargas Llosa the Peruvian novelist was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 2010. His most recent novel is a "  The Neighborhood " . He was interviewed for the world post by Micheal skafidas, a journalist and collage professor of comparative literature at the city University of New York.


    In this interview llosa shared many idea related to literary work in which. I like the some ideas given by Lisa :- 

• Ideas of feminism 
• Ideas with images 
• Most of the view of historian 
• Ideas of  global 
• Related with literature 

•   This Three points I like the most,  

    

    I personally liked the view of Llosa on feminism in which he said that feminism has become very sectarian and dogmatic kind who always stand for stupid equality. But feminism now has a kind of problem. It has become very sectarian, very dogmatic, and I think you have to criticize And oppose these trends. 

     I like literature that is still very close to living experiences, I don't like very much the idea of the writer completely isolated, secluded in a library. 

     For the first time, in a culture that is totally global, without differences between east and west, we are all part of this new culture in which images are the great protagonists. 

        Thank you 

Interpretation challenge 'Breath ' by Samuel Beckett

• "Breath " by Samuel_Beckett

     This is very short play. About 30 seconds by Samuel Beckett .It seems meaningless but carries basic meaning of life. It also considered as experimental play. This play can be interpreted many ways. 

• About the play ' Breath '

In the starting we hear the sound of breath is connected with life and death. Play moves on darkness to light and light to darkness that also has connection with life and death. In the play we saw some rubbish Lind of garbage that is lying everywhere. The light effect shows the condition of human life and it's difficulties. 

• Symbolism in videos :-    

    We find that all videos are shown many different things like, garbage fruits, toys and bed. 

Toy      -   Shows our childhood 

Books  -   It shows student life 

Money -  Shows struggle, status, royalty 

Bottle of medicine -  Shows illness old age 

Thank you 

Oneness of literature

Online discussion :- Oneness of literature 

The literature is connected with each other. Northrop Frye 'S theory is Archetypal criticism is based on the idea that whole of literature has oneness. 

• Northrop Frye view  :-  

       This task was also related to the Northrop Frye concept of oneness of literature." Archetypal criticism " concept which is given by Northrop Frye, he describes the human felling And emotions with different seasons. He tell as that all literature are same at the one place. 

• T. S. Eliot view  : -  

        T. S. Eliot said in his "Tradition and individual talent "it's reflected to maximum influence of writer's past and experience. 

   

    We also connect this idea "oneness of literature "with the concept of Eliot 'S "Tradition And individual talent ".This concept reflects that in literature one writer use symbols, situations, characters for some reason or purpose. 

• Oneness of literature  :-  

• The wasteland by T. S. Eliot 

       

        Oneness of literature with reference of wasteland by T. S. Eliot and  joke short story by Anton Chekhov. 

       Many similarities can be found in short story of Chekhov as these lines of wasteland. In both the context driving on sled plays important role to evoke such emotions.In the poem "Wasteland " by T. S. Eliot there are also some lines also related to myth or history 

The character are different but the story is same in such a way. In the poem "Wasteland "we see that the character 'Maire " as a symbol of love and her story also connected with the Greek or other myth. 

• A joke by Anton Chekhov  :-  

     A joke by short story by Russian writer Anton Chekhov, it is also connected with poem 'Wasteland ' .The main character of the story ' Nadia ' and the speaker both are talking about their happy days in the story  lik the poem 'Wasteland ' here we see that the same situation in the short story. They both are going for the sled at the top of mountain the speaker says that ; I love you!  'Nadia 'but she forget what she here. But now she was married with someone and she have three children. This falling down from mountain some how used as a metaphor in the poem wasteland which shows fall of spirituality because of sexual perversion  So these lines have connection with over all theme of this poem spiritual degradation. 

    Thank you 

Thinking activity : The Waste land by T. S. Eliot

The waste land :-Thinking Activity

Ans - (1)

Between Nietzsche and Eliot Nietzsche 'S views seems to more appealing both are extremely different from each other. Nietzsche had proclaimed "God is Dead " he does not believe in " Superhuman ", who believes in his own self and has great will power ; while T. S. Eliot believes in spirituality and religion. Where as Nietzsche 'concept of superman is more of contemporary time. Eliot was able to see the rottenness around home of 20th century. T. S. Eliot believes in spirituality and religion, because many symbolic us in this poem in different religion like, Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism etc....... 

       On the other side Eliot says about looking backward in past. He took past mythologies in the wasteland. And myths are from past, which means this was also their in the past also. Myth also represents desire, dream or some story through which we get some idea about a particular time. 

Nietzsche's theory is only based on individual's growing but Eliot 'S one is mass growing theory. We can take Buddhism 'S example for that.. 

Ans - (2)

Gustaf hellastrom of Swedish academy he says to salvation of man lie. Eliot views are more philosophical and He is believed in religious thinking. Then Eliot believe in human law but. Freud believe individual thinking. Eliot believes in one's salvation which lies in the preservation of cultural tradition. Nothing wrong in following the tradition And cultures if it help to stop creating chaos in society. 

Ans  - (3)  In the last question to the last Indian thoughts in the wasteland. Eliot good work leads salvation and progress and had work leads to damaya life. In last part of the poem such ending words used by Eliot : "Shanti ,Shanti ,Shanti " which is an acknowledgement of blessings or salvation. A silent or traditional way of ending. He uses the word "Da" The gods interpret this as..... 

The three word  

(1)  Datta 

      (2)  Damyata

            (3)  Dayadhvam

        Datta :-  Given sacrifice 

Damyata :-  Control 

             Dayadhvam :-   Compassion, Sympathy 

The gods interpret this as 'damyata' or  "Control " the humans as "datta " ,or  "give ",And  the demons as "dayadhvam", or "sympathize " "Compassion". The poem ends with the repeating of "Da" Da "Da " as a reminder to practice self -control, giving, and compassion. 

Thank you 

Thinking activity : Waiting for Godot

Thinking activity on Waiting for Godot

Ans - (1)  The setting of the play "A country, road, a tree, Evening " and painting both are the similar. The connection is the simple but symbols are played main role to convinced audience. This painting symbolize longing. In both are the setting of the play and painting can be connected with "waiting ".

Ans - (2)  Tree is important in both of the setting. In the second act the tree grown some leaves its shows archetypal idea about life, death and reborn. Nature is cycle of life.

And  - (3)   In both acts evening falls into night And moon rises. It is also connected with human life. In that act we have some desire and despair for that we are living, night gives hope that another day will come and something will happen. 

Ans  -  (4)   Adding debris into the scene is addition of the director of the movie. "Waiting for Godot "is Ans absurd drama in the concept of nothingness so life and nothingness of life .

Ans  - (5)   The play begins with the dialogue "Nothing to be done ".Vladimir is play with the hat and Estragon is play boot. Hat is suggest that intellectual thinking or practicality. Vladimir has practical sense of doing work. Boot is suggesting that carelessness of thing or thinking without logic. Boot stand for Estragon. He has more carelessness or he also not remembers the thing. 

Ans   -  (6)   Yes , I agree that this play is positive. Life goes on, no matter what we are gaining or losing .This Play because positive they are waiting for Godot nothing happen in entire play only wait for Godot same it is related with universal idea for cycle of birth, life, rebirth and waiting is for hope everyone whatever they do ultimately they are doing wait for death.

Ans  - (7)    In this play boot symbolizing carelessness and irresponsible lifestyle of person toward society. Boots here may relate with the body and it shows the material thing. Hat also play vital role in the play. It is related with the character of Vladimir. The hat Also shows the higher order thinking and logical connection. 

Ans  -  (8)   Yes,  the subject of this play is not Godot but waiting because the activity of both characters shows nothingness. In this play when Estragon tries to help lucky then he kicks badly. Only the story goes on moving with the illogical activities of them. They only are killing the time. 

Ans  -  (9)   Godo can be seen as 'God' an  object of desire ' And also as 'death ' Vladimir and Estragon are also waiting for Godot to come  who has white bread. Godot is 'death '. The final reality of life. Godot is 'object of human desires. 'Desires are never fulfilled. 

Ans  -  (10)    Yes  'Waiting ',is main subject because in this play nothing happens only one action that is waiting.... .. Waiting..... Waiting...... Because no body comes, nobody goes....... 

Ans   -  (11)   It present the idea of human mind that sometimes we know abour our act. That is is meaningless though we do that. It symbolized nothingness and meaningless of human life. 

And.   -  (12)   The sequence I like the most is conversation of Vladimir with the boy because the boy is very mysterious and his answer to Vladimir have deep  meaning .

Ans.  - (13)   They could  not do suicide because of fear of punishment by god to doing suicide is sin. 

     

Ans. -  (14)  Idea of hanging :- hanging may be the way of solution to get prid form suffer and problem but it is never can give Justice to us and same way Vladimir and Estragon think on it and they postponed the idea of hanging themselves and. It's shows the hidden fear of god. But point is that after the death what happened with us, we never known ,if there is new birth then it will same thing at usually. 

Ans.  -  (15)  We can look at from that angle then we can read that thing also. Lucky is from England and through that character we can see the situation of England .and compare to Russia, France  and Italy the condition of England is not better. So we can also read form that angle. 

Ans.  -  (16)    Yes,   it is possible because Beckett can't escape himself for completely. And his thoughts reflect in this play. So we,  can't say it is completely right or not but think about that... 

Thank you.... 

Thinking Activity :- To The lighthouse

Thinking Activity on  " To The lighthouse "  By Virginia Woolf

  Ans...(1)     Virginia Woolf used to the narrative technique is "Stream of consciousness "technique that deals with different subject like -complexities of human relationship, struggle of female (artist) everyday battles with near and dears etc......

       She present here complexity of human relationship between Mrs. Ramsay Ans Mr. Ramsay. Mrs .Ramsay is the central character in the novel and a bridge between children and their father. Children are not directly connected with their father. She is a women who sacrifices herself for others. She is truly a typical woman in the novel.

     Although Mrs. Ramsay is the central focus of the beginning of the to the lighthouse the novel and she was heart and soul in the novel.

And... (2)    Yes , Mrs. Ramsay is a good wife and good mother. Virginia Woolf gives more importance on her characters rather than others character of the novel. She is typical woman who is always involved in family and as well as a good host. Character of Mrs. Ramsay is major character in the novel because this character which remain from beginning of novel and end of novel. In novel this character's life presented. Character of Lily Briscoe along with as a reader throughout as understands the  whole life of Mrs. Ramsay. How she tries to in the family make one. She play role life wife, mother, and house keeper. Here Woolf present the this character and  also criticized the life of women in the society.


Ans... (3)    "To the lighthouse " is very symbolic novel. Where we also find many symbolic images. Symbols like... Include the lighthouse, waves, the window, the boars skull, and the fruit basket.

     Here Woolf present in the character of Lily briscoe. We can say that Woolf was present herself throughout the novel. "To the lighthouse "  we also see that through Lily's character Lily 'S character Woolf also present the strength and we can also say that family problem is not so painful rather than social problems. Therefore this novel can be a symbol of the family.


And... (4)    'To The lighthouse ' is based on Greek myth. In this novel Virginia Woolf use various myth. In the story two myth first is (1) Oedipus myth and (2) second is pagan myth. It's present the woman life and womanhood in the society. Here Woolf present the ideal woman in the society. 'To the lighthouse ' is many ways a 'Kunstlerroman'novel .it  deals with the youth and development of individual. It is focus on individual freedom.

     Two myths are depicted in the narrative. Myth of Rhea and myth of Fisher man and his wife.


  Ans...  (5)    'Kunstlerroman's a term means novel about growth an artist's novel is in German .In German 'Roman 'means novel. The lighthouse is a kunstlerroman novel because here we find two artists growth. Begging of the novel we see that Lily was started to her painting and the middle of the novel we find that she left her painting and the end of the novel we find that artists growth in mind means through her all ling period she continuously thinking about her painting, so here we can say that growth of an artist's mind.


Ans. ... (6)   In " To the lighthouse " this both character Lily and Mrs. Ramsay both are very opposite character .Woolf has portray the  character of Mrs. Ramsay is very complex who more care cares about her family and her child  and on the other side the character of Lily portray as modern woman of that time who has new idea and this both characters are very contrast to each other.



And...   (7)   The novel is more difficult than the movie  both words and screen have its own advantage but words are more powerful than the screen. Screening movie is restricted the power of imagination. Novel has poetic charm which movie can't provide to reader and audience. Sickvance of the film is very melodramatic ,and both and are different dialogue, end of the film dialogue is Lily briscoe: " You are fool "," closed the door and open the window : but end of the novel there " Yes,  she thought,  to laying down her brush in extreme fatigue,  I have had my vision. "



And.... (8)     My interpretation about the last line of the novel is that Woolf 'S get  her vision with the character of Lily and also prove woman ability by the character  of Lily.


Ans.... (9)   Refrigerator symbolised as preserving something and it suggests the character of Mrs. Ramsay. Who is preserver of culture. It presents the technology and human thoughts.  Her approach to her son and to daughter is different, and it suggestion to James from Mrs. Ramsay to cut refrigerator from the catalogue of army and navy.


Ans...  (10)   Virginia Woolf with the use of fairy tale subverting the misogyny of the fairy tale fairy tale in novel challenge the myth about female desire and dangers of unopposed female will And desire. The real danger seems to be male needs and desire.


     

        Thank you 

Modernist Poems :- Identify Modernist Metaphor in short poems