Saturday 6 April 2019

Harry Potter review series

1)Harry Potter and Philosopher 's stone:-

The first part of movie begins with Harry's childhood and follows story of Harry's  real life. He lives with his aunty and have invitation to go Hagwart. He was famous there as wizard and began his magical education journey.
-Harry's life at Hagwart:-
He is a famous wizard and chosen by sorting hat as talented one. There ge mates so many wizards muggles and witches . He face problem of purity of blood  here. He has two friend named Rom and Hermione.
-Magical world:-
The beauty of the film is presented by magical world. Harry has magical power though he has to suffer a lot. Stone ,cloak, mirror ,all these were a part of magic. Here magic is metaphor of knowledge. It is helpful to comparing reality with magic.
-Voldemort:-
Harry cane to know about Voldemort and how he tries to kill him. He has passes through Harry's soul and tries to get power by him. At last Harry wind the game .

2)Harry Potter and Chamber of secret:-

Harry comes again to Hagwart and start his second year of education. Some Gothics element is mentioned here which maintained children's literature. Hermione has power of knowledge rather practical.
- pure blood battle:-
The  element of purity gets strong here. Maliit and his son Draco become more powerful on muggles. Harry was not pure and half blood prince. It shows that the chamber of secret opens and muggles will be killed.
-Chamber of Secret:-
Here Voldemort present in a device of dairy which is his power. With hard work Harry destroy the diary a d broke part if Voldemort. Harry and Voldemort has same power but their choice is different.

3)Harry Potter and Prison of Azkban:-

This part began with Harry 's 3rd year if school and he comes to know about prisoner,Sirius Black who is prisoner of Azkaban.
-Major task:-
Main task of Harry is to know about Sirius Black . He is a good friend of Harry nad Godfather of him.
-Harry's Role:-
Harry become more vengeful and kill Sirius but he doesn't know reality. The effect of dark side of Voldemort in Harry ,starts to show it's power.Harry faces dementors and creatures.
-Ron and Hermione:-
In this part Ron was on bed and not able to anything. Hermione handle the situation and help Harry. They leads to the past by the time runner and know the reality. They saved Sirius from dementors.

4)Harry Potter and goblet of fire:-

In this part Harry Potter's forth year of school begin and he was chosen for game. He face Voldemort and tries to save people from him.
-3things for Voldemort:-
The part shows the power of Voldemort and he get 3 things for life. 1)Bone of father
2)Flesh of servant 3)Blood of enemy.
By this he again powerful.
-Game:-
Harry got his name in game as he doesn't know but he play the game. He was chosen by Goblet of fire. He was not much adult for the game but chosen by Voldemort so he has to play.  In the game he meet Voldemort and has to face death of Cedric.
-Moral of Harry:-
Harry saves life of people rather to win the game.He helps Cedric but at last he was not able to save him.He sacrifice his winning for saving the life of other.

5)Harry Potter and order of phoenix:-

This part begans with secret society made by Dumbledore. Harry meets Sirius here.
- Ministry of magic:-
Ministry of magic corrupted in this part. Umbridge ,new teacher of art ,starts to teach theory rather practical. She shows her power on ministry and politics.
- Evils power on Good:-
Power if Umbridge wins over Dumbledore and he charged with conspiracy and sedition. Voldemort's presences make fear in between people but J.k Rowling shows that the danger talk about it and they use the name of Voldemort.
-Power and Knowledge:-
Here the power wins over knowledge. Politics power of Umbridge and other wins over good and knowledgeable people. Harry and Dumbledore was right though punished by power.

6) Harry Potter and Half blood prince:-

In this part another new thing happened. Began with sixth year of Hagwart ,Harry become obsessed and fall in love.
- Memory:-
Harry retrieve a memory of Voldemort 's downfall . He gone back to Tom's memory and got the idea about his evil power. Horace gave memory to Harry ,through this he can see memory.
-Half blood prince:-
Snape and Harry comes from half blood . They are insulted by pure blood. Snape has talked with Harry about his love for his mother and about himself.
-Love  and Jealous:-
In this part theme of love is presented. Love between Harry and Ginny, Ron and Hermione. They aslo feel change in their nature and sometime jealousy.
At last Dumbledore dies for saving life of Harry,Snape killed him. Here , no need of go to school and they have to find out another horcrux so they can kill Voldemort.

7)Harry Potter and deathly Hallows part 1and 2: 

Part 1

New ministry if magic become powerful and ruled on school. Muggles has so many problems. They were insulted by pure blood people and crushed the statue of their . Harry tries to know about Dumbledore's life and about his family.
Voldemort become more powerful and shows his power on Harry. There is battle going between Harry nad Voldemort. Ron destroy another horcrux. Three deathly Hallows were found here.
1)Wand
2)Cloak
3)Stone

   Part 2

Death eaters comes and tried to kill Harry. Harry starts to destroy horcrux and have fight with Voldemort. Harry ' friends became ready to die and tries to save the life of Harry. Here Harry saw that he has nature to die for other but his friends die for him. He tries to save other but he become reason of others death. At last Dumbledore and Harry talked about Death and Harry killed  Voldemort.

Language lab review



First phonograph was invented by Edison, for record and preserve sound. Them cortina makes changes in language. Then two experiments in ohio university and mississippi woman college. That is how they deal with it and use it. Many changes done in it Then invention of radio, tape recorder, video tapes and television after the world war ii.After World War II, language laboratories were spread gradually. There were some new trends with them. They became in use for other

purposes beyond foreign language instruction In the US language testatory, the NDEA national defense education act established.





Language learning software develops our four skills LSRW
This helps in increase word Rules of grammar also This software make us the perfect destination for you. Differently Through the exercises That proves to learn Students learn to work their own pace and learn in their own way They learn independently of teacher.


There is also disadvantages of it. It is connected with technology Sometimes servers down that's why Technical issues makes it problematic in learning language One of the disadvantages

Wednesday 3 April 2019

https://sites.google.com/s/1b00ShnSrdGIn0XJZSR7H3VUf82w6oDK3/p/12j3uht6TJN0jPtnvZeiEDxYzPwMX8xR5/edit

Tuesday 2 April 2019

The Guide -by R.K. Narayan

The Guide

-by R.K. Narayan


The guide is powerful story about spiritual transformation and self-realization. The narrative itself is both fantastical and comical, as the path of the main character, Raju, takes to understand is not intentional. In essence, Narayan's story shows how self-deception, including man intent on deception, is the deception of his life on a large part based on clarity.


Village in Malgudi In Malgudi, Raju aspire to be As such, he is a chameleon of a character, always being someone on current need. One such example of Raju's malleability is when he starts managing a shop at the Malgudi train station, and is known by the villages as "Railway Raju". In this role, Raju bills himself as an expert guide, and can be processed for any and all items.


Further story Raju fall in love with Rosie and they got married, they live happily they earn from Rosie's dance performance. Then they breakup and both are different from Rosie meet Raju But, Rosie married with an architecture That way story goes on In this story R.K.Narayan very well describe the situation of villagers and spiritual persons too.

Harry Potter Webquest Activity


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Harry Potter is a British-American Film Series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J.K. Rowling. Harry Potter is the fantasy series and also children literature.

Film Series:
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001)
2. Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002)
3. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)
4. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005)
5. Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007)
6. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2009)
7. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 1 (2010)
8. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows-part 2 (2011)


1)Feminist reading of, Hermione character in Harry Potter

2)  Discourse of the purity of Blood and  Harry Potter


3)  Children literature and Harry potter

4)  The Theme of love and Death

5)  Self help culture and Harry potter

6)  Discourse of Power and politics in Harry Potter

7)   Theme of choice and Chance 

Theme choice and chance

Theme of Choice and Chance:
Choice versus chance runs across the novel Dumbledore tells harry that it is our choice that shows what we truly are far more than our abilities. Making the free choice within the fate destinies Choices are made according to criteria; chance without choice is unthinkable Author encourages choice in her series In the end, Harry's choice of self sacrifice made him to defeat Voldemort. He had been afraid of dying Of dying? Then he also made a choice to face voldemort. People can only guide you as Dumbledore guides, Harry Dumbledore only guides you to make it your own choice. Battle was only between harry and voldemort but others also helped Harry; All were very well acknowledged with the fact that they would have been killed

Speculative literature and Harry potter

Speculative fiction is an umbrella genre encompassing fiction with elements that do not exist in the real world, often in the context of the supernatural, futuristic or other imaginative themes. This includes, but is not limited to, science fiction, fantasy, superhero fiction, science fantasy, horror, utopian and dystopian fiction, supernatural fiction as well as combinations thereof. Therefore, the Harry Potter series is also a speculative fiction, we can say it is full of imagination and fabulous, there are imaginative world of magic which are not real world. There were many different types of liquids. So, we can say the novel is best example of speculative fiction.

Discourse on the purity of Blood and Harry potter

Harry Potter is a fiction. Many believe it's a children's literature but J.K. Rowling has included realistic feelings and problems in it. She created fictional races like real world. In Harry Potter there are four races There are pure blood, half blood and mudblood. The families whose ancestors are known as pure blood If one of the parents knows magic and other do not, that child is known as half blood. If person belongs to non-magical family that person is called mudblood. In the world of magical people are known as muggles and for some of them they are inferior Some magical families hate moodblood and believe that they should never be allowed In the novel Malefoy family hates and insult mudbloods. Hermione experiences this insult multiple times Salazar Slytherin made a chamber of secrets to kill mudblood students at Hogwarts. So, there is politics of races in Harry Potter and it plays important role in the novel.

Self help culture and Harry potter

If we are intently observing that we have many such high story stories by JK Rowling in Harry Potter. But for self help culture I have touched this story in the heart, which is the dialogue with Sirius So something interesting, he is considered the Godfather, Sirius Black is the Harry Potter's Godfather. He says that it is not that very good people and death. So there is the binary that friends

Evil





Good people So he tells you that you are a good person but you are not the only one who has bad things happening and the world, we can not divide purely into good and bad or can say good in evil among the things things are bad things bad things happen to happen happen to good people






Also and Harry Potter is telling you are basically good person but you are suffering from bad things, that is what keeps you going. Now this one level we can say that good message for children too but at the same time I do not know what is wrong, I am suffering from why this happen to me? So that question can sometimes happen. These are the anecdotes that come in self help book.

The theme of love and Death

Love and Death are major themes in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter books she herself has said in an interview, interview in "The Tatler" magazine that "My books are largely about death"

"........ have been loved so deeply, even though the porson who loves us is gone, will give some protection forever."

Love is another major themes in the movies It is the one of the only things which can win the Dark Arts and ever Death, evident in Lily's potter's sacrifice. When Harry died to save his friends and allies at the Battle of Hogwarts, his friends saved them and made them dead.

It was Severus Snape's love for Lily which was redeemed. Narcissa Malfoy's love for her son led her to lie to Voldemort about Harry's death saving his life and giving him the chance to defeat Voldemort.

Harry's ability to love and be loved is a defining difference between him and Voldemort. Harry builds up friendships, a support system of friends

"It's the unknown we fear when we look on
Death and Darkness, nothing more. "

Death plays it's greatest role in the Seventh movies. The story of the peverell brothers who tried to cheated Death, and the objects that when reunited, would make one Master of Death. The only way someone can defeat death, but accept it. They rather "greet Death as an old friend"

Children's literature and Harry potter

The novel is related to the children's literature it means the children's lierture movies are related to the ideas of self observation. J.K. Rowling has created the new world in the novel which is the speculative literature as we see the Children's literature.

"Words are, in my not-so-humble opinion,
our most inexhaustible source of magic "

In Harry Potter mostly all the scenes were related to the magic and power of reality and a different world which is not possible in the real world too. So Children like those who belong to power and magic as well as a different world too.

Together, i think these things allow us to see the magic in everyday life..but then again, these elements of many before and after jointing with Potter with the same success of the same amount of "

This paper is a great hero for Harry Potter as a child hero. In doing so, this paper conducts an alchemical reading of the text.

About Me

Hello Friends,
It’s my pleasurable moment to welcome you all in my website.
My self Darshna Parmar. I have complete my schooling in Shri Gram Dakshina murti prathmik shala at Ambla . I have taken my secondary eduction from Shri Gram Dakshina murti lokshala ambla I have taken my higher education from the Shri Gram Dakshina murti ambla And I have complete B.A from Bhavnagar University Nandkunverba Mahila college( NMC) and after that I have joined at Department of English, MKBU, Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnager University, for my further studies after my graduation.
I am very obliged to prof.Dr.Dilip Barad- HOD of The Department of English, to give such wonderful opportunity to create my own website as part of my ELT: 2 Assignment.
In this site, I have attactched my Blogs, Presentations, achievements, activities and You Tube video that I did during my studies.

Character sketch of Harry Potter and Hermione and Ron


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Name :- Parmar Darshna V.
Roll No :-  6
Batch:-  2017-2019
M. A.:- Sem -4
Paper No :-  (13) The New Literature
Topic Name :- Characters sketch of Harry Potter ,Hermione and Ron in Harry Potter the deathly hallows
Email ID :- parmardarshana1997@gmail.com
Submitted by :-  Smt. S. B.. Gardi Department of English MKBU

Character sketch of Harry Potter and Hermione and Ron :-

About books :

Harry Potter is a series of 7 books and it was adapted in movie series too and it has something magnificent in it .It catches attention of all age viewers and readers.
This is a journey of a boy who fights against within the self and with the evil  powers.
Losing yourself in a book of adventures is the best entertainment a person can have.

About the Author :-

     

 

Name – Joanne Kathleen Rowling                                         
Parents - Peter James Rowling and Anne Rowling
Secondary Education – Wyedean
THE School and College Qualification – Bachelor in Arts
          Occupation – Novelist

HARRY POTTER SAGA   Story of young boy who discovers  he is a wizard, destined to fightevil, covering the seven years (age11-18) that he spends at Hogwart’sSchool of Witchcraft and Wizardry.   First Seven books:
         


   
   •         Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (1997)
•        Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (1998)     
 •          Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (1999)
•         Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2000)
•        Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2003)
•        Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2005)
•        Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: (2007)

Popularity of Harry Potter series :-

  Video GameVideo games loosely based on the book  were released between 2001 and 2003,generally under the American title Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone. Mostwere published by Electronic Arts but  produced by different developers.

Awards &Achievement of Rowling :-
1997: Nestlé Smarties Book Prize
1998: British Children’s Book of the Year
2007: 48th Most powerful celebrity
2007: Time Magazine- Person of the year award
2008: J.K Rowling 12th Richest Women in United Kingdom
2010: Most Influential Woman in Britain

Facts related to book:
Joanne Kathleen Rowling is the pen name of writer, her real name is Joanne Rowling. The idea of book came in her mind when she was travelling in train from Manchester to London in 1990. Loss of Harrys parents has been shown in book because her mother died when she was writing the book and it affected her a lot.
Harry, Ron, Hermione Adventures bring them together.
Meaning of the name : Harry Potter
   
The name Harry is of Anglo-Saxon origin and means "power." There was also a magician named Harry Houdini in the 1900s. Potter - A name J.K. Rowling has always been fond of since childhood.
"Potter's Field" is often the name given to a cemetery where a city or town buries those who have gone unclaimed or unwanted (a community's orphans). "Potter's Field" is also considered a cursed land because Judas hung himself in one.
Harry Potter first appearance in literature :-



Harry Potter and the philosopher's stone (sorcerer 'S) stone
    Rowling's first big hit.
Harry's Home :-
Horrible Aunty Petunia, Uncle Vernon and his cousin Dudley
       

Hogwarts School :-
         


       Young wizard  Harry  who is left orphaned because of the evil Voldemort.  He is left as a baby to live with an his horrible Aunty Petunia, Uncle Vernon and his cousin Dudley’s house  who are mean to him. He doesn’t know it, but he is a wizard, and can make strange things happen--unconsciously at first and later at age 11 he goes to hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and the adventure begins… Harry Potter Harry Potter is the main character of the book. An evil wizard Lord Voldemort killed his parents so Harry’s personal goal to stop Lord Voldemort from hurting anyone else.Destroy Horcuxes.
.How do he look?


       In the movies he is really cute with his chocolate brown hair, bluish-greenish eyes and round glasses.And in teenage also he was good looking.
Strange things happen--unconsciously at first:
CHAPTER 1. CHAPTER-2. THE BOY The vanishingWHO LIVED Glasses .
CHAPTER-3. The CHAPTER-4. The Letter from No Keeper of the keys.
          Rubeus Hagrid come to the letter from The Hogworts School to pick up the Harry Potter Witchcraft. to go to the Hogwarts.
     Harry Potter in the Sorcerer’s Stone made him  World’s Famous Boy.
The magical world has brought creativity to the real world.
Quidditch games

        Soccer,  Football ,  Hockey . It has included but it has imagination and have ceativity and there also Harray proves him self.
Progression of every  Faced with difficult challenges At 11 they are the youngest wizards and witches to fight Voldemort
          This was from 1st series and his journey continues to kid to adult he learns so many things and the way he was growing his life was also growing under the fear and advantures
          Each and every challenge can refer to the struggle teenagers over come.
Ordinary and extraordinary:
     He was orphanand used to live a normal life but though he was an extraordinary:
   Harry's surrounded by mystery. He's the one person Voldemort (one of the evilest and most powerful wizards) could not kill, and he's the only known survivor of a "powerful, evil curse" . Even though he was just a baby when Voldemort attack him, his survival makes him an instant celebrity in the wizarding world. Though he grows up ignored and mistreated by the Dursleys, he's famous in the wizarding world as The Boy Who Lived.
The Scare was his Identity :



   His parents have saved him and they have sacrificed their life out of love for harry and harry was also missing them. The scare was having  a meaning that evil can not harm him and it will also can be read like that that his parents have died  for him so he have to think of the fame or power that he got or he have to think the way others are thinking.
Purity of Blood Harry was mud-blooded but than even he became survivor and chosen person of magical world who was half blooded but stands on a side of good .
Killing of lord Voldemort signifies that now,Harry will be master of magic world so,the chain of master moving into evil to good.
 means Voldemort to Harry and at last good wins over bad,no matter the blood was pure or half blooded.no any other was shown as powerful as Harry or we can say that it was only in his hand to save Hogwart.
       Journey of love and Death: 


     starting part of Harry Potter series we find out that Harry's parents were died and Harry leaved alive and that was the love of his parents ...his mother loved him so much that she sacrificed her life for her child . Harry Potter was symbolically representative of love.while Lord voldemort was a symbol of evil and Death.
  In this journey of love and Death,Harry never forgot his parents always thought of them and their blessings were always remain with him and this thoughts and feeling of love and a emotional bondage gave him strength though the truth was they are dead but always they live alive in his heart and memories.but at one extent he was able to come out of his illusion that they are not alive .
  He witnesses so many deaths in passing days but he always surrounded by his friends and guide. Like Professor Albus Dumbledore
Hermione ,Ron and  Neville etc
He was putting his life in danger for others that was out of love and though he was in side of goodness but there was always a ultimate truth death to meet him.He can't be mortal and he can't escape.
Hermione Granger, meaning of name :-
   


This time, the name means messenger, which is very befitting of our clever little wizardette because she’s always delivering some knowledge to her less informed classmates.
As for her last name, well, there’s some significance there too.
In Greek mythology, was often known as the patron saint of high magic .
Hermione is also a character in Shakespeare's A Winter's Tale.
The character is accused of adultery and dies before the intermission.
At the end of the play she is brought out as a statue, and finally returns to life at the very end of the play.
Granger :
Granger, as a noun, means a farm steward, which is a very Muggle-type of profession indeed.
A granger was also a very common person, just like Hermione's parents.
Granger is the name of a character from the book Fahrenheit 451.
He is the leader of a group of intellectuals known as "The Book People," whose goal is the preservation of literature in the face of their government's efforts to burn and destroy all books.
        Hermione Granger
:
                                     

 One of Harry's  two best friends at Hogwarts.
    Hermione has lots of bushy brown hair and is extremely studious. She adores homework,     reveres teachers and gets top grades. Born to Muggle parents, she is teased for being a Mudblood , and feels she has more to prove than her purebred peers.
Feministic Reading of Hermione:
Hermione was the first to spell among them, she  was intelligent,cleaver,smart and logical.
She proved herself as one of the best among them she was adventurous and always ready to help friends. In one of the first lessons at Hogwarts, Hermione proven that she didn't care of anyone she has shown her intelligence among entire class while correcting Ron's pronunciation.
Wingardium Leviosa not Leviosar so it goes on in every series.
while writing author has several thought in his or her mind and J.K.Rowling has presented Hermione as clever,brave and adventurous but than even she have not made
Hermione a protagonist may be because of patriarchal society or she may thought women as less powerful or intelligent than the man.or may be society will not accept this.
Ron Weasley , meaning of the name :
     

Ron :-
Interesting when taken in conjunction with Arthur.
He is the adviser to the King.
Comparisons can be made here between Ron being an adviser to Harry on all of his choices and adventures.
Both Ron and Hermione listen to Harry's plan and then either agree with or tell them why they think his idea is not a good one.
Weasley :
 From J.K. Rowling's site weasels were known to have a bad reputation, especially in Ireland, as an unfortunate animal.
And well, the Weasleys are unfortunate because they're poor.
J.K. Rowling said: "Ron was the only one of three major characters whose surname never changed; he has been 'Weasley' from start to finish.
In Britain and Ireland the weasel has a bad reputation as an unfortunate, even malevolent, animal.
However, since childhood I have had a great fondness for the family mustelidae; not so much malignant as maligned, in my opinion.
" The Weasleys and the weasel both share red hair.
The Weasleys live near Ottery St. Catchpole, and it is interesting that a family with weasel in their surname lives near a town that has otter in its name.
Also, in Goblet of Fire, the group all go to Stoatshead Hill to take the Portkey to the Triwizard Tournament.
A stoat is another relative of the weasel family.
    Ron Weasley :
                                                                               


   Harry's other best friend at school. Good-natured, hapless Ron is from a large, poor wizard family of redheaded, freckled children. His father is a warmhearted bureaucrat in the Ministry of Magic. His officious brother Percy is a student prefect at Hogwarts, twin brothers Fred and George also attend, and in the second book, "Chamber of Secrets," little sister Ginny enrolls at the school and has a crush on Harry. Ron is loyal and kind but is often picked on by Draco Malfoy and other mean schoolmates.
The journey ends with  the last part
That was Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows   Adults Decision       
                                                                                 


      Fights for life:



From kids to adults:
                                                 


Protagonist was a white child no brown or black so still their may be thought of multiculturalism but still whites affected in to this text.
It is J.K.Rowling's personal choice but sometimes own identity reflect reflects more attractive than the other.
so she is white and she choiced white racial identity as a protagonist.
                  Thank you.....
    

Mass media and it's importance

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Name :- Parmar Darshna V.
Roll No :-  6
Batch:-  2017-2019
M. A.:- Sem -4
Paper No :-  (15) Mass communication and media studies
Topic Name :- Mass Media and it's importance
Email ID :- parmardarshana1997@gmail.com
Submitted by :-  Smt. S. B.. Gardi Department of English MKBU







Introduction



Mass media plays an important role in the life of society. Most people agree that the 21st century can be called the “age of media”, which is quite true as the world of media influences us in different ways. However, some of these bring benefits for us, there are also bad points. Since the advancement of technology, people today are getting attached to television and films, books also make its passion to stand at the top of media list.
Mass Media includes various types of media such as television, radio, newspaper and magazines. Reading newspapers and magazines, watching TV, listening to the news on the radio are our main means of getting information. Mass media bring to millions of homes not only entertainment and news but also cultural and educational programmes. If you watch TV and listen to the radio, you can improve your knowledge of history, , biology, literature or even learn a foreign language by radio. Media is one of the most useful hearts of human life. We are overfull with all these letters, sounds and films, headlines. Media change our modern life in nearly every way. Main work of media is to inform the people. Media is the most powerful tool of communication. It helps promoting the right things on time. Nothing is possible without media.
Development of Mass Media
Western mass communication scholars have identified a development progression cycle call ESP i.e. Elite Popular Specialization this cycle holds that all media develop in three stages:
Elite: Media appeals to the affluent. Affluent are considered as the leaders of cultural and social trends.
Popular: When the notions break through the barriers of literacy and poverty, it enters the popular stage and reaches the mass culture.
Specialization: There is ‘de-massification’ of the mass media due to information explosion and advancement in the communication technology.
Media is consumed by highly fragmented segments of population each with his own interest and cultural activities.
Example- Cartoon channels, Sports channels, News channels, Movies.
Attraction with Media
In Modern society, people are influenced by mass media. Although traditional television watching and newspaper reading are no longer as popular as before, people spend more time in front of computers listening to music and radio, reading news and information interacting with other people in social network and watching television programs and films. The developing technology of mobile phone allows people to do almost everything they can do with the computer. Now days, people are living in a world by media sounds and images. People cannot live a day without mobile and computer. Cultural values and lifestyle have changed over time by use of television and internet. So in one way, it may change people’s opinions for the better, but in another, it may impact the social system of a whole population. More and more, people all over the world use the same exact piece of clothing. Due to watching it on television, the dress code is blue jeans, t-shirt and shoes. Television can be a great teacher. Some public television programs encourage visits to the zoo, libraries, bookstores, museums and other activities, and educational visitors can surely serve as powerful teaching devices


Amongst all the mass media today, TV attracts the largest number of viewers; its audience is greater in size than any of the other media audience. This is because television is able to focus on audience of all age groups, whether literate or illiterate. Television has been used for education and information purposes than for entertainment. There is no doubt about the fact that the technology has given us a main tool in television. It is very powerful mass communication medium. The Indian model of television programmes are unique as it is expected to pass on the culture from one generation to another. Today Doordarshan is challenging with all cable TV networks in meeting the entertainment needs of the people. Television in India, through its programme presents pictures and view of India’s rich culture. They represent various religion and cultural language and activities of people, belonging to different parts of India and so it reflects the Indian Society.


India has various cultures, religions and traditions. Therefore, medium like TV can play a vital role in developing common understanding with the people and bring them closer, like movies, TV reinforces ideas, beliefs. For example- TV represents the messages on importance of girl’s education, marriage age, environment protection, energy conservation etc. Thus, it serves believable function. Television has more flexibility and mobility in its coverage due to audio-visual presentation. As Saxena says-
“Television in India has acquired today newer dimensions, greater popularity as a much wider reach. The moving images of television fascinate people, demand attention and eventually influence their thoughts and behaviors”.




Radio reaches the common man in urban and rural areas of India, though the use of radio is more among rural cities. It has advantages over the use of other mass media like television and newspaper in terms of being handy and easily available. It is the most transportable of the broadcast media, being easy get to at home, in the office, in the car, on the street or beach, almost everywhere at any time. Radio is helpful not only in informing the people, but also in creating understanding about many social issues and need for social improvement, developing interest.
In India, radio with its access to the rural areas is becoming a powerful medium for advertisers. Because radio listening is so widespread that it has spread as an advertising medium for reaching local audiences. Moreover, radio serves small highly targeted audiences, which makes it a superb advertising medium for many kinds of specialized feature for radio as mass medium is that it caters to a large rural population which has no way in to TV and where there is no power supply. In such places, All India Radio’s programmes continue to be the only source of information and entertainment. Moreover, broadcasts programmers come in 24 languages.
Kapoor, Director General of AIR (1995) said-
“Radio is far more interactive and stimulating medium than TV where the viewer is spoon-fed. Radio allows you to think, to use your imagination. That is why nobody ever called it the idiot box”.



Impact of Mass Media
-       Personal
-       Psychological
-       Social
-       Moral
-       Cultural
Bernard Berelson an American behavioral scientists defines the impact of media as-
“Some kind of communication, some kind of issues brought to the attention of people under some kind of condition has some kinds of effects”.
Mass media is centrally involved in the production of modern culture. Reach of mass media is limited in India thus mass culture in our country is still by and large the one that prevails in our villages where over 77% of people live. Here, folk media is still predominant.
Advantages of the Media
Media is one of the most Influential entities we have in this world, with good reason. We rely on the media to provide us with information. The mass media has many roles in our world, and the most important role is providing us the news.
Helps spread News Faster.
-       Contact with family and friends with the help of social media, many people can communicate with their families or with friends. Actually people travel around the world and by this reason; They need a good way in order to not lose the contact with their families in their native country. So the world’s population uses electronic devices for their communication for example- Mobile phones, telephones, computers etc.
Function of Mass Media
Mass Media is the powerful medium that does not only influence today’s world but that also shape tomorrow. Mass Media performs essential task in order to cast its effect to the people and maintain the society.
Information
It is the main function of mass media. While information is power of knowledge it can be objective, primary, subjective and secondary. Media disseminates information mostly through news broadcast on radio, TV as well as newspaper or magazines. Moreover, advertisements are also mostly for information purpose.
Education
Media presents education and information side by side. It provides education in different subjects to people of all levels. They try to educate people directly using different forms of content. Dramas, documentaries, interviews and many other programs are arranged to educate people directly. Mass media is used as successful tool for mass awareness.
Entertainment
It is one more function of mass media. Persuasion involves making influence on others mind. Mass Media power audience in varieties of ways. All people are not well known about it. Many of them become influenced or motivated unknowingly towards it. Hence, specific functions of mass media are explained below:
Surveillance
It denotes observation. The function of mass media is to observe the society closely. News about films is played at local theater, stock market prices, new products, fashion ideas are example of instrumental surveillance.
Interpretation
The mass media do not just give facts and data but also explanations and interpretations of events are situations. News analysis, editorials are some examples of interpretative contents. Such types of interpretative contents are prepared by those journalists who have knowledge of background information and strong ability.
Socialization
It is the transmission of culture. Media is the reflector of society. Whenever a person reads newspaper or watches television, individual knows how people respond on matters and what types of norms and values they perceive on situation.
Conclusion
Thus, media is attractive even more important in life of adults as well as of children. We get great deals of information from the different forms of media such as newspapers, films and documentaries, journals, radio, motion pictures and more. Mass media plays a vital role in forming and reflecting public opinion, connecting the world to individuals and reproducing the self image of society. The mass media still plays a vital role in the social learning process and have power on how individuals acquire now ideas, attitudes and changes direction in society.


Works Cited
"Meaning and importance of Mass Media."
Class Notes
Research on Marketing, Advertisements and Public Relations.n.d.

Conflict between tradition and modernity in the swamp dweller


To Evaluation my assignment click here 


Name :- Parmar Darshna V.
Roll No :-  6
Batch:-  2017-2019
M. A.:- Sem -4
Paper No :- African literature
Topic Name :- Conflict between Tradition and Modernity in "The swamp Dweller "
Email ID :- parmardarshana1997@gmail.com
Submitted by :-  Smt. S. B.. Gardi Department of English









About the author and his style


Wole Soyinka’s play The  Swamp Dweller  was written in 1957. The Nigerian playwright WoleSyoinka was born in 1934.  Soyinka was one of the few African writers to denounce the slogan of Negritude as a tool of autocracy . Soyinka also enjoys the rank as the first black African to be awarded the Nobel prize in literature. He wrote the lays like
1.    The Invention
2.   The Lion and the Jewel
3.   A Dance in the Forest
He also wrote the famous poems like
 The Immigrant
My Next Door Neighbour
                              In his plays , he showed his ability to project traditional Nigerian themes and stories through English rather than Yoruba. He is famous as a dramatic poet and skilled dramatic craftsman. He was concerned with the universal problems. His plays are concerned with town life, a retrograde countryside and the ambitions of the new “Nigerians”
 Soyinka presented Nigeria as a country in tradition, attempting to mold itself out of a variety of tribal cultures and a turbulent Europe colonization. He was willing to charge Nigerian politicians and bureaucrats with barbarity and corruption as he was to condemn the greed an materialism of the Europeans. Some of hi works took on a darker and angrier tone.
v        About  the Play
The play is about struggle between human being and the unfavorable force of the Nature. Use of River, Serpent, Swamp and use of city life these are polar oppositions in the play. From the beginning of the play they are talking about death of his son but clearly mention that really he is dead or not. Swamp is chaotic and they are living in the chaos.



Tradition:- Tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past. Makuri, Alu and Igwezu are representation of tradition.




Play starts with the description of village which shows traditional side of the play.

“A village in the swamps. Frogs rain and other noises. The scan is a hut on stilts, built on one of the scattered semi-firm island in the swamp. The walls are marsh stakes plaited with hump ropes. Near the left down stage are the baskets he makes from the rushes which are strewn in front of him.”(1 pg of TSD)

                  These all lines show that they are traditional people doing work but which can’t give them food. At some extent tradition is good because you have your own belief and way of looking towards life but not accepting change in life is bad. Too much exaggeration is bad for your life which is shown through the play.

Wole Soyinka’s  peculiarity is that he hardly presents the countryside as a stable and innocent world. He very carefully designs the generation gap and differentiates the traditional  from modern as –
       
Makuri: “ Ah....well ... Those were the days .... Those days were really good. Even when times were harsh and Swamp overran the land we were able to laugh with the serpent.... but these young people...... They are no sooner born than they want to get out of the villages as if it carried a plague......”
           This play brings light to the corruption and contradiction found throughout Nigerian society including both traditional and modern views.



Modernity:-Modernity typically refers to a past traditional post medieval, historical period one marked by the money from feudalism toward capitalism, industrialism. Secularization, rationalization, the nation state and its constituent institutions and forms of surveillance. Awuchike and Desala are representation of modernity.



Modernity invades the tradition of the village. Forty years later after the cruel alliance of shell Oil and the Nigerian military in repressing Nigerian democracy. The capitalism industrialization, the city has already invaded the countryside here, in the form of spillage from the drilling of oil, drilling that eventually grow to enormous ecological and human waste.







Tradition V/S Modernity
 Igwezu went into city to earn more in life but he can’t accept the reality of life which is in city. There is starvation for shelter in city, so cold sophisticated life than village so we can say that Igwezu and Awuchike both are suffering because of their acceptance or to much exaggeration of their life.
    There is Constance struggle or conflict between the old and new ways of life in Africa. There is the dialogue that old and children are living in village. It means that yougs are living in city.
Makuri :-It’s lie all the young man go into the big town to try their hand at making money only some of them remember their Falk and send word once in a while.
Makuri: - The city is a large place .You could live there all your life and never meet half the people in it.
     Second dialogue shows the reality which lies in city life. In city there is not any feeling in between human being. Even they don’t know each other if they are living near. And this is the harsh reality of city life. You will lose yourself in city.
      They are to much traditional people they are believing that river bed it is perfect bridal bed this comes in talk between Makuri and Alu when they were remembering their past.
Alu:-Where the rivers meet there the marriage must begin and the river bed it self is the perfect bridal bed.
   Thinking to much about past is also rigidity or Very sticky towards traditional belief system.     Character of Kadiye and Beggar both are also representation of tradition and modernity. Kadiye who is local priest and he always tries to make himself in a better position. Beggar who is not really a beggar by his nature he is blind but he always ready to do work. He accepts what is reality and tries to struggle for his survival and comes from Bhukanji.
Makuri:-Much damage? Not a grain was saved not one tuber in the soil......and what the food left behind was poisoned by the oil in the swamp water.
   They are still believes in Kadiye what he says to them he tells to them that he has take vowed to the serpent that I would never shave nor washed until the rains greased to all to gather.
    When Igwezu comes back from the city with the hope that he will cultivate a farm but when he shows that every thing is ruined by food.
Igwezu:- I have had my feast of welcome. I found it on the farm where the beans and the corns had made an over lasting potage with the mood.
    When Igwezu talks about Awuchike because Desala leaves him for Awuchike. Igwezu doesn’t earn that much money like Awuchike that is when he talks about him we come to know that because of city life or to much exaggeration destroy family structure.
Igwezu: - I do not know at this moment. I do not know so perhaps it is as well that he comes. Perhaps he can explain, perhaps he...........dark and sour I Shaw its knife saver the ties and the love of kinship and terns brother against brother.
    When Alu is talking about him she says that perhaps there is something in the place that makes man forgets.
          Igwezu is destroyed by farm and his brother both.
Igwezu: - It was never in my mind the thought that the farm could betray me so totally, that it could drive the final ways into this growing lose of touch.
     So we can say that both lives are not satisfied. Desala and Awuchike both are not happy. They are dead not physically but spiritually.
 Conclusion
     We can see conflict of tradition and modernity in the play. Village is representing tradition and city as modernity. They both are different from each others. This play is representing those different very well. 

How it shaped me?

How it shaped me?


Some positive changes have happened with me.
Some Positive Effects of Literature on My Mind: -
Literature make me perfect Because with the help of literature I know how to understand human beings, how to understand society, which type of people living in the society And literature also talk about how to act and how to think in the society. For example 'acting without thinking-Othello', and Thinking & thinking and never putting into action-Hamlet'- both is dangerous So it is a positive poin of literature because with the help of literature i know how to live and behave All literary text talk about human life
At the end I would like to say that this journey is the best way of literature, and I will never forget this journey.

What is literature?

Literature is a vast term, we can not define it in one particular definition. In general But it is not Because it is more than that Literature is a mix of different things like joy, emotions, anger, human behavior, etc. So we can say we get everything from literature. We can develop our reading capacity through reading literature. We also get the knowledge of small children It is useful to us if we take it positive.

Literature is the subject of many things as under,

L - Large

I - Imaginations

T-Tough time

E-Emotions

R-Risks

A-Anger

T-Traveling in time

U-Ugly

R-Revenge

E-Enemy

Every time It works like axes through which our frozen mind broke. Generally we think that while reading literature we feel pleasure but some literature we feel uneasiness like White Tiger, Oliver Twist, etc. So literature is not only for pleasure and good entertaining stories.

When I was in graduation study at that time I was not able to think about different terms and theories. But after M.A I am able to apply and think on those terms like feminism, deconstruction, colonialism, etc. And after thinking on those things, I am open minded and able to accept new things.

  Literature primarily gives pleasure and knowledge, we read literature for relaxation.Literature gives us an insight into the tradition, custom, belief, attitudes, folklore, values ​​of the age in which it is written. Literature get us away from a fantasy world, thus forget our problems and obligations of everyday life.


Literature is appealing It sheds light on the complexity and ambiguity of human experiences and thus broadens our awareness of the possibilities of the experience.

The Black Cat "- By Edgar Allan Poe

The Black Cat "- By Edgar Allan Poe



"The Black Cat" is a famous short story from horror - Master Edgar Allan Poe It was first printed on August 19, 1843, in the Philadelphia edition of a newspaper called the United States Saturday post.






Theme:


Performing evil deeds will lead to vengeance

Heavy use of alcohol may bring the worst in a human being


The other theme of the story is that the story is no matter how hard you try it


Conflict:


The story is an internal conflict, Man vs. Self And the conflict begins to unfold when the man has changed his way to becoming the heavier, many years after Pluto became his pet.


Overall story:


The beginning of the story begins with the narrator in a jail cell the day before he is about to hang out. He says that wants to get the reader know what happened in the situation. The narrator says that he has been the first and he has got old. Marries a woman that shares his likeness for pets and they share a plethora of pets. Pluto The narrator starts drinking and his personality traits. One night coming home drunk, he feels like the cat is ignoring him so he grabs it. The cat defends itself by biting his hand and only angered the narrator who took a pen knife and removed one of the cats eyes. A few days later, he is overcome by a perverse impulse and guilt and decides to hang out in the garden. the night of the hanging, his room caught on fire and he loses everything The next day he returns and sees a cat with a rope around his neck.


The figure on the wall disturbed the man One night on his way home from the bar, he finds a black cat that looks like Pluto except he has a white patch on his chest. He brings his wife who is happy The spot on the cats chest began to shift in the man's mind The narrator begins to despise The cat does not leave his or her head and she often tries to lay on the narrators. So he is not getting any sleep and his abuse towards his wife escalates. One day, the narrator and his wife go down in the cellar and the cat tries to travel the narrator. Out of anger, he tries to strike the cat with an ax that he is holding. The wife defends the cat Out of impulse, he bury the ax into the wife's head.


After much deliberation, the narrator decides to keep the cellar in the wall. The narrator is able to sleep Cops come around the house The narrator has been looking for the cat and the fourth day, the cops come back around and even went down in the cellar. Whenever he believes that he has gotten away with murder; He hits the wall where his wife is buried with his cane and a noise from the wall emerges. It sounds like a child screeching The cops tear down the wall and find the woman's body with the cat on her head. The narrator buried the cat in there with his crime. This is why he is in jail and is sentenced to death.
Araby "- By James Joyce



About the Author:


James Joyce was born into a middle - class catholic family who struggled to maintain their middle - class ranking. Joyce wrote a collection of short stories called Dubliners (Araby is part of this collection). All of his stories in some way mirror his life as a child in Dublin






Setting: Dublin, Turn of the 19thcentury


Araby is written in 1st person - The narrator is the main character in the story. But very little character There is no mention of the people in the Irish society. There is a message for you And "Araby" is sad and disappinting memory. The whole story talks on the night, in a dimly lit house, or at dusk - all in the dark. The main character is an narrator and lives with his uncle and aunt.


Conflict:


The conflict in the person vs. self The narrator struggles with his feelings of love for the girl and yet he does not have the courage to talk to her. Finally she talks to him


Theme:


Alienation and Loneliness

Change and Transformation

God and Religion

One of the themes throughout this short story is that often the reality of situation in life is more painful than the love


Blindness: "North Richmond Street", is described as "Being blind."


The Bazaar: Title hold is the key to the meaning, used to express the romantic view of the east. The story is about


"Araby" short story is narrated by unknown teenage boy who lives in a two story house. His life was normal because he would meet his friend after school and play together untill dinner time. And the story tells that the girl, the other main character of the story, the narrator likes, is his friend Mangan's sister. Everyday he follows his school but never spesks to her But he thinks about her all the time


Every Saturday evening, the narrator goes to the market with his aunt. Hears and sees many different noises and interactions. This is a kind of symbolism of how the girl One day, she speaks to him and asks him if he is going to Araby, a market, she can not go, but the boy decides to buy her a present. And then, on the day of the market, his uncle comes home late, so that he is late going to it, when he gets there, he can not find a gift and the market closes. At the end, he feels that everything is in vain and useless

The Nightingale and the Rose by Oscar Wilde

O .......... The Nightingale and the Rose by Oscar Wilde


In this story, a young man, a student, is told by a woman that she would dance with him at the ball the next night if he brought her a red rose. Although he has no red rose, but nightingale help to a student, the bird flies around to try The student finds the rose and is thrilled, so he plucks it and brings it to his love interest. The girl rejects the rose saying it will not match her dress, which is much better. The student walks away and throws the rose in the gutter. He decided that love is ridiculous and logic is better.


I have provided a link to the story below, it is not too long and very beautifully written. And also here is a video representation of the story ...

A cup of tea by Katherine Mansfield




A cup of tea by Katherine Mansfield


Characters

O ...... Rosemary Fell, a rich woman
O ....... the antiquarian on Curzon Street
O ....... Miss Smith, the poor girl picked up and fed by Rosemary
O ....... Jeanne ... a housemaid
O ....... Philip .... Rosemary's husband

Summary

"A cup of tea" is a 1922 short story by Katherine Mansfield.

Rosemary Fell, a young, Wealthy woman, goes shopping at a florist's and "Antique shop on Corzon street." Before going to the car, Rosemary goes to a poor girl who asks for money. Rosemary And Rosemary going to girl tea It is the night Philip comes in, Although initially surprised, Philip recovers and asks to talk Rosemary alone In the library, and Rosemary resists dismissing miss smith. He plays to Rosemary's jealousy Rosemary sends the girl away. Rosemary goes to her husband informs, "Miss Smith will not dine with us tonight." She first asked about the antique box from the morning ... Philip, 'She whispered, and she pressed her head against her bosom, "I am pretty ? "

Major Themes

O ..... Class consciousness
O ..... Feminism
O ..... materialism

The Monkey's Paw By W.W.Jacobs"

"The Monkey's Paw" is a supernatural short story by writer "W.W.Jacobs" first published in England in 1902.




In the story, three wishes are granted, but the wishes come with an enormous price for interfering with fate.


In "The Monkey's Paw" what is the third desire and what are consequences? He wished for his son to be dead again and the consequences were that he saw him and she was in anguish ...... He wished for a wife as beautiful as nature. His wife, who was a swan, turned man


While at first the white do not believe in the monkey's paw, they decide to make a wish anyway. Mr.White wants 200 pounds to pay off his house.


The second wish was Mrs..White's wish that her son, Herbert, would come back to life. In this story, sergeant-major morris come to the whites' house and shows the monkey's paw. He is about 200pounds.


"As I wished, it twisted in my hand like a snake." The second wish, to have the whites mangled, dead son alive again made in sadness and desertion .......... He heard the creaking of the bolt as it came slowly back, and at the same moment he found the monkey's paw, and frantically breathed his third and last wish

To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell

To His Coy Mistress (poem)


To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell





. To his coy mestress is written by Andrew Marvell. Who was the son of a clergyman who was a metaphigieal poet This poem is also about love and shines of the beloved.


The poets are a crime, because they have very little time left and they have incomplete time. think about how to pass that "long loves" day.


In the next few lines the poet refers to "Indian Gangs" and "Humber" which is it Englisand through the poet can not say that way nerves both the loves meet somewhere because they always beloveds royalty and a sefusal to give her self to the Jews


Poet starts the next lines by comparing his love to vegetables. He is like a vegetable which grass is used by "castes than empire" than the poet starts training. hundrand years to praise beloves bed eyes and also gazing on the head of the beloved he would spend two hundrand years on his beloveds his treats still he needs rest of his body and when derth the beloved mind leave to come about her coyes and show her love


Beloved is really shine but what ever the love is said to be the year of prase is pure love more then that beloved deserves this type of love and poet say that he would love to love him the poet says


"For lady you deserve this state

Nor would I love, at loves rate "


Next lines referencing the short time, which is the time of wing ehariot which is horroring near which means the time is passing very fast.


In the next lines the poet explains what will happen If the beloved dies without having fizzy relation with the lover.


If the beloved will countinous her coyness like this one day when the death will come her beautiful will not any more as will the echoing song also want to be The beloved is very coy and he is not allowed to laugh at him in the poem, the poet says once she is dead the worms will eat it long 'long saved virginity' and there for before in happens she should help fizical relation with the lover If they do not have the fizical relation the last of the loves will turn into ashes


Then the poet compares the "youth" with "morning" due to the morning and due to some of the same time in the same way young people also had a stage for a while only and there before the lovers get time by orey or by the kind of love you want


In the last lines, the poet uses to tune the poems that are .....


"So, though we can not make out

Stand still yet we will make him run "


here the poet says it is not in our hand to stop the son but it can not stop it, which means before the time the grape then in to the clutches she should stop bin shine and all with her wellingness she should enjoy the pleasure of being together more than the poet says it is difficult for the jurnry of life as it is difficult but with the time they have collected all their stand the sweetness they have togathes to the strife.

From The Amoretti by Edmund Spenser

From The Amoretti by Edmund Spenser

From The Amoretti by Edmund Spenser



In the few lines the poet talks about the aforts that he has loved his beloved.


One fine day Thai started witting his beloved name on the strand but waves became his enemy as it washed away his beloves name.


फिर भीड़ के बाद के दौरान फिर से चला गया This pain is very well expressed in the poet who is ......


"But come the tide, and
Made my pains his prey, "


In the next stanza in the next lines the poet talks about a fort on the name of his beloved his beloved may be in watching him from somewhere and expresses his sadness on her love fails.


The poet then expresses his feelings because he is scarid now as the way nature wiped out his beloveds ne his fers is also likewise


In the last few lines of the poem, the poet expresses his fear and he is still in the top of the list, then wake his beloved he consill this beloved by saying that she may "die in dust but she will fame" she will be in memory by her verses and she will live in verses When death will turn away from the world, their love shakes live how the poet discribes unstoppable aforts of a love.


Ode on Solitude -by Alexander Pope

Ode On Solitude "- By Alexander Pope



About The Poet:


Alexander Pope was a central figure in the Neoclassical movement of the early 18th century. He was an English poet, best known for his satirical verse and for his translation of Homer. Pope was influenced by various events and people throughout his life. He was the most frequently quoted writer in the Oxford Dictionary. He was very successful in his life, wrote a piece on Greek mythology.




"Ode On Solitude" is a narrative poem because it tells a story about a man and how he lives on his farm that he inherited from his father The man loves living on his farm but a lonely and depressing man as he dies and he lives alone. So, the man in this poem is lonely but he is happy in his father's farm.


Happy the man, whose wish and care

A few paternal acres bound,

Content to breathe his native air,

In his own ground


In this first stanza, we show Pope shows us that a man will be happy and his dreams and wishes are paternally. Basically describing how a man can be happy with connection of nature and never e away from it However, this happy man does not want to leave his native land.




Whose herds with milk, whose fields with bread,

Whose flops supply him with attire,

Whose trees in summer yield him shade,

In winter fire.


The second stanza emphasizes the idea of ​​owning land with everything like to milk, bread clothes from flocks, etc. He is suggesting that he is independent and that he can not live



Blest, who can unconcernedly find

Hours, days, and years slide soft away,

In Health of body, peace of mind,

Quiet by day,


The third verse emphasizes the significance of a life of happiness. He said that the happy man who lives on his own is blessed because he does not care about worldly things because he is a healthy body and peace of mind.



Sound sleep by night; study and ease,

Together mixed; sweet entertainment;

And innocence, which most makes please,

With meditation



The next verse talks about how the man can sleep with ease at night on his farm and study with ease as sweet recreation.



Thus let me live, unseen, unknown;

This unlamented let me die;

Steal from the world, and not a stone

Tell where I lie.


Finally, in the fifth stanza, he describes how he wants to go unknown. "Let me live, unseen, unknown." He still wants to live in Solitude He too wishes his death goes unlamented


So, overall the mood of the poem is quite happy, and kind of secretive. Some images of the poem that develop in our head is a man who is working on his farm and caring for his animals like him.

Virtue by George Herbert

"Virtue" By George Herbert



About The Author:


George Herbert was a Welsh - born poet. Orator and Anglican priest. Herbert's poetry is associated with the writings of the metaphysical poet, and he is recognized as one of the foremost British devotional lyricists. And he was not only a poet in the 17th Century but also an Anglican priest. His Christianity has molded his poetry into words of religion.



Background of the poem:


Virtue emphasizes the spiritual truth that this world and life itself is beautiful. Virtue is one of the poems in a collection of verse called The Temple (1633), which George Herbert wrote during the last three years of his life. Virtue is delicately express conflict between rebellion and obedience.


Main Theme of the poem:


The beauty of the world And Herbert used to be the subject of the day, the rose and the spring The poem is mainly developed with the theme of the world and all the living and nonliving things being mortal. Expressing that The theme consists of three metaphor images; a day, a rose, and spring


1) Day: Its attraction (cool, calm, bright, marriage of earth and sky); image that illustrates death (dew will cry)


2) Rose: Its attraction (bearing the physical marks of anger and brave, finally dressed, color efforts the viewer; Image that illustrate death (root is in its give)


3) Spring: Its attraction made of "sweet days" and "rose" and its image that illustrate death (music has its endings)


Virtue is thus an instruction not only in how we look at life but also in faith itself. And the seasoned wood may have been cured of its native and youthful devotion. The style of virtue is that start off describing a sweet days and at the end of the stanza it says it must die the last line the timber is protected by the inside that it is alive. And "Virtue" is also reflects author's inner delight at the loveliness of nature as well as his meditation in response to nature. And the poem is also trying to tell us.